อ้างอิง ของ ลำดับสิ่งประดิษฐ์ของสหรัฐ (ค.ศ. 1946–91)

  1. "History of Patent Law". IP Legal Services.
  2. James W. Cortada, "Rise of the knowledge worker, Volume 8 of Resources for the knowledge-based economy", Knowledge Reader Series, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998, p. 141, ISBN 0-7506-7058-4, ISBN 978-0-7506-7058-6.
  3. "Manufactures of the United States in 1860; compiled from the original returns of the eighth census, under the direction of the Secretary of the interior", Publisher: Government Printing Office, Washington, 1865, p. cxcix: "Salt-making was commenced at Salein in 1636, and in 1641 Samuel Winslow was allowed, for 10 years, the exclusive right of making salt in Massachusetts by a new method."
  4. 1 2 "Chapter 4: An Overview of Patents". Digital Law Online.
  5. "First U.S. Patent Issued Today in 1790". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  6. "2701 Patent Term [R-2]". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  7. "Table of Issue Years and Patent Numbers, for Selected Document Types Issued Since 1836". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  8. 1 2 "The History of the Transistor – John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley". The New York Times Company.
  9. "Kenbak Computer Company: Kenbak-1". Old Computers.com.
  10. 1 2 "Fascinating facts about the invention of the Internet by Vinton Cerf in 1973". The Great Idea Finder.
  11. 1 2 "Dr. Martin Cooper Engineer, and Inventor of the Mobile Phone". Engology.com.
  12. 1 2 "Hubble Essentials: About Lyman Spitzer, Jr". Hubble Site.
  13. "Hubble Essentials: Quick Facts". Hubble Site.
  14. "The Hubble Space Telescope". Vic Stathopoulos.
  15. "CONTROL HEAD AND BLOWOUT PREVENTER". Google Patents.
  16. "Earl S. Tupper (1907–1983)". Syracuse University Library.
  17. "People & Events: Earl Silas Tupper (1907–1983)". PBS.
  18. "50 YEARS OF TUPPERWARE". Tupperware.
  19. "A Little Fishing History". Dennis "Sunshine" Skurulsky.
  20. "The History of the Chainsaw". Chainsaw Sculptors.
  21. "1999 Hall of Fame Inductees". New Jersey Inventors Hall of Fame.
  22. Firsts: Origins of Everyday Things That Changed the World. Penguin.
  23. Indian Financial System. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
  24. Debtor's Dictionary: The American Encyclopedia of Consumer Credit. Wheatmark, Inc.
  25. "Marion Donovan, 81, Solver Of the Damp-Diaper Problem". New York City Times. November 18, 1998.
  26. "November 17 – December 23, 1947: Invention of the First Transistor". American Physical Society.
  27. "The transistor: The 20th century's most important invention". IDG Communications.
  28. "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956".
  29. "History of Defibrillation". ADI Media Private Limited.
  30. "Testing The First Supersonic Aircraft". NASA.
  31. "A History of GOLDEN Artist Colors, Inc". Golden Artist Colors, Inc.
  32. "The Magnetic Particle Clutch : Jacob Rabinow". National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  33. "A Chronological Order Of The Development Of The Free Sail System Sailboard". The Hart's Homepage.
  34. "Windsurfing was invented 60 years ago by Newman Darby". SurferToday.com.
  35. "The Invention of Cat Litter". Paws Online.
  36. Fire Department, City of New York. Turner Publishing Company.
  37. "Blowing Hot Air? Five Myths About Hand Dryers Debunked" (PDF). Excel Dryer Inc.
  38. "The Genius of Rogallo's Wing". M Robinson.
  39. Gray, Sadie (September 29, 2009). "Francis Rogallo: invented the Rogallo wing". London: The Sunday Times.
  40. "Cable TV: From Community Antennas to Wired Cities". Harvard Business School.
  41. "About Frisbee". Frisbee Disc.
  42. "The First Video Game?". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
  43. "Carbon Dating". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  44. "Fad nauseam". Winnipeg Free Press.
  45. "The Zamboni Story: Ice Resurfacing". Frank J. Zamboni & Co. Inc.
  46. "The "Atomic Age" of Time Standards". National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  47. "What are Holter, Event and Transtelephonic Monitors?". American Heart Association.
  48. "Roswell". Paul V. Galvin Library.
  49. "Evaluation of the Sierra Company Lightweight Helmet" (PDF). Defense Technical Information Center.
  50. Fox, Margalit (February 18, 2005). "Samuel Alderson, Crash-Test Dummy Inventor, Dies at 90". The New York Times.
  51. "Grace Hopper". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  52. "Our Story". Seymour Paint.
  53. Selingo, Jeffrey (February 8, 2001). "Machines Let Resorts Please Skiers When Nature Won't". The New York Times. สืบค้นเมื่อ May 25, 2010.
  54. "Leaf Blowers". Portland Leaf Blowers.
  55. "Richard Wesley Hamming". University of St. Andrews.
  56. "Teleprompter inventor Hubert Schlafly dies at 91". British Broadcasting Corporation. April 27, 2011.
  57. "Sengstaken-Blakemore Tube". Medscape.
  58. "Lyman Spitzer: Space telescope pioneer". European Space Agency.
  59. "Portable Ice Chest for Storing Foods". Google Patents.
  60. "Wetsuit's Inventor Dies". Tech Media Network.
  61. "Bette Nesmith Graham". Famous Women Inventors.
  62. Brain imaging: the chemistry of mental activity. Surendra Kumar.
  63. "RADIOACTIVITY-DISTRIBUTION DETECTOR". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  64. "Airbags". Bryant University.
  65. "The History of Airbags". The New York Times Company.
  66. 2 Loaves: One Man's Relentless Pursuit of Truth, Meaning, and a Perfect Crust. Algonquin Books.
  67. "A Short History Of Bar Code". Adams Communications.
  68. "1952: The First Mechanical Heart Pump". General Motors Corporation.
  69. "Artificial Heart". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  70. "Robert Jarvik on the Jarvik-7". Jarvik Heart, Inc.
  71. "Heart-Lung Machine". Invent Now.
  72. "ANDREW F. KAY '40: Building Quality in Computers and Work Flow". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  73. Palm, Kristin (1995). "Marker". CBS Interactive Inc.
  74. ManVentions: From Cruise Control to Cordless Drills – Inventions Men Can't Live Without. Adams Media.
  75. "Dr. Virginia Apgar". National Library of Medicine.
  76. "Gilhoolie Jar Opener". Mechanix Illustrated.
  77. "Happy Birthday Denver Boot!r". The Expired Meter.
  78. "50 Years Of Wiffle Ball". Hearst Communications, Inc.
  79. "Invention of the Maser and Laser". The American Physical Society.
  80. "Appleton, Wis., Inventor, Recalled As Gentle Genius, Dies at 77". All Business.
  81. Eichmeier, Joseph A.; Thumm, Manfred (2008-03-27). Vacuum Electronics: Components and Devices. Springer Books. ISBN 978-3-540-71928-1.
  82. "Zip Loc Bags Information". Zip-Lock-Bags.com.
  83. "The History of TV Dinners". The New York Times Company.
  84. "Acoustic Research AR-2a Loudspeakers". Black Sparrow Photography.
  85. The NSTA ready-reference guide to safer science. NSTA Press.
  86. "A sliding solution to glass-shattering South Texas winds turned into Horton Automatics". Horton Doors.
  87. "Mogen Circumsion". The Mogen Instrument Company.
  88. "History Of CPR". United States Mine Rescue Association.
  89. Gray, Sadie (August 6, 2008). "H. Tracy Hall: physical chemist and inventor". London: UTimes Newspapers Ltd. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 26, 2010.
  90. "Decatur Electronics, Inc. Company History". Decatur Electronics, Inc.
  91. "Floor Crane With Adjustable Legs". Google Patent Search.
  92. "Crosby-Kugler capsule". Ole Daniel Enersen.
  93. "USS NAUTILUS (SSN-571)". Sub Guru.
  94. "Reynold Johnson". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  95. "Milestones". Harmonic Drive AG.
  96. "Strain Wave Gearing". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  97. Foner, S. "Versatile and Sensitive Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer". Rev. Sci. Instrum. 30 (7): 548–557.
  98. "Lincoln Lab's Foner, 82, and Sandholm, 76". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  99. "Magnetic Test Apparatus". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  100. "Evercare Celebrates 50th Birthday and Golden Anniversary of Its Invention of The Lint Rolle". The Evercare Company.
  101. "Karting's Golden Summer". Crain Communications, Inc.
  102. "George C Devol". Encyclopaedia Britannica.
  103. "History of operating systems". OS Data.
  104. "Fortran". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  105. "Ampex VR1000A video recorder". The Science Museum.
  106. "CRI SES:" (PDF). National Space Society.
  107. "Bobcat Mourns Passing of Skid-Steer Inventor". Bobcat.
  108. "Laser". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  109. Martin, Douglas (May 11, 2007). "Theodore Maiman, 79, Dies; Demonstrated First Laser". The New York Times.
  110. "Memoir on Inventing the Confocal Scanning Microscope". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  111. "Benjamin Eisenstadt, 89, a Sweetener of Lives". The New York Times. April 10, 1996.
  112. "Stevens remembers inventor on 'Bubble Wrap Appreciation Day'". Stevens Institute of Technology.
  113. Saxon, Wolfgang (April 20, 1997). "Robert H. Wentorf Jr., a Chemist, Dies at 70". New York Times. สืบค้นเมื่อ May 25, 2010.
  114. Reports, Wire (November 15, 2005). "Hal Anger, 85; Inventor of Gamma Camera Used in Nuclear Medicine". LA Times. สืบค้นเมื่อ May 25, 2010.
  115. "Cryotron, a super conductive computer switch revealed". National Center for Science & Technology Communication.
  116. Reclaiming our health: exploding the medical myth and embracing the source of true healing. HJ Kramer.
  117. Fetal heart rate monitoring. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  118. "Ty-Rap Celebrates 50 Years!". THOMAS & BETTS CORPORATION.
  119. "CABLE BUNDLING AND SUPPORTING STRAP". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  120. "50th birthday of Lisp (October 1958)". Artificial Intelligence Research Institute.
  121. "High Performance Carbon Fibers". National Historic Chemical Landmarks. American Chemical Society. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-02-21.
  122. "Jack Kilby: The Chip that Jack Built". Texas Instruments.
  123. "The Farnsworth/Hirsch Fusor". Jochen Kronjaeger.
  124. "A Complete Picture: Weather Satellites and Contemporary Meteorology" (PDF). National Weather Association.
  125. "The spandex saga". Yale Herald.
  126. "About Guys and Dolls Furniture". Guys and Dolls Furniture.
  127. "Unfant's Seat". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  128. "Artificial Turf". Purchase Green.
  129. 1 2 "CSCI 321- Software Project School of Information Technology & Computer Science" (PDF). University of Wollongong.
  130. "Gregory Pincus, Father of the Pill". Population Reference Bureau.
  131. "Chronological Methods 10 – Obsidian Hydration Dating". University of California, Santa Barbara.
  132. Gray, Sadie (August 6, 2008). "Professor William Bennett: co-inventor of the gas laser". London: The Times. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 26, 2010.
  133. {Proc. IEEE, vol.50, 1697, pg. 1697, July 1962}
  134. "A Brief History of Spreadsheets". Decision Support Systems Resources.
  135. "Dan Bricklin, Co-Inventor of the Spreadsheet, Discusses How Nerds Are Like Sports Stars". The New York Observer.
  136. "Edward O. Thorpe". Edward Thorpe.
  137. "Events In Food History". The Nibble.
  138. Nagourney, Eric (April 2, 2002). "Neal E. Miller Is Dead at 92; Studied Brain and Behavior". The New York Times.
  139. "Communications Satellite". National Inventors Hall of Fame Foundation, Inc.
  140. "AUTOMATIC DUMP TYPE CHARCOAL LIGHTER". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  141. "Nick Holonyak". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  142. "Nick Holonyak honored for inventing the LED". LEDs Magazine.
  143. "Nick Holonyak Jr.: 81 Years Old And Still Doing Groundbreaking Research". Electronic Design.
  144. "Electret Microphone Inventor". Famous Black Inventors.
  145. "Campaign to Eradicate". U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  146. "Semiconductor injection laser". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  147. "Diabetes: Glucose Sensors and Drug Delivery" (PDF). McMaster University.
  148. Famous Firsts: The Trendsetters, Groundbreakers and Risk-Takers Who Got America Moving!. Natalie Rompella.
  149. Famous Firsts: The Trendsetters, Groundbreakers and Risk-Takers Who Got America Moving!. Natalie Rompella.
  150. "SKATEBOARD WITH INCLINED FOOT-DEPRESSIBLE". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  151. "1963: Douglas Engelbart Invents the Mouse". University of California at Berkeley.
  152. "John G. Kemeny: BASIC and DTSS: Everyone a Programmer". Columbia Univ.
  153. "The History of the Catheter". The New York Times Company.
  154. "Geosynchronous Satellite". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  155. Suddath, Claire (September 3, 2009). "Buffalo WIngs". Time Magazine. สืบค้นเมื่อ April 30, 2011.
  156. "Dr. Donald Bitzer Co-Inventor, Plasma Display". Consumer Electronics Association.
  157. "H. Gene Slottow Co-inventor, Plasma Display". Consumer Electronics Association.
  158. "THE MOOG SYNTHESIZER". Rewind the Fifties.
  159. "Audio, automotive and aircraft apparatus". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  160. "Ruth Benerito". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  161. "The 60s – the technology, science, and inventions". The New York Times Company.
  162. "Continuous-Wave Laser Action on Vibrational-Rotational Transitions of CO2". Physics Review Online Archive.
  163. "Liquid Crystal Display Dynamic Scattering Method". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  164. "Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices(SQUIDS)" (PDF). Ben-Gurion University of Negev.
  165. "6.1.4 Argon Ion (Ar+) Gas Laser". Kansas State University.
  166. 1 2 "Electronics Timeline". National Academy of Engineering.
  167. "THE HISTORY OF SNOWBOARDING". Bulgarian Ski.
  168. "Inventor of Kevlar". Famous Women Inventors.
  169. "Visionary lays into the web". BBC News. October 8, 2001. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 26, 2010.
  170. "'Giving women tech know-how'". BBC News. November 3, 2006. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 26, 2010.
  171. "History of the Fisher Space Pen". Allwrite B.V.
  172. "DEC PDP-8 minicomputer". UvA Computer Museum.
  173. "The Little-known Story Of Optical Digital Storage". Northwest Science and Technology.
  174. Bet you didn't know Jim Russell '53 pioneered compact disc technology. Reed College.
  175. Inventors and Inventions. Marshall Cavendish. September 2007.
  176. Milestones in computer science and information technology. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  177. "Inventor of the Week Archive: The Digital Compact Disc". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  178. "Previous Recipients of the George R. Stibitz and Edward O. Wilson Awards (1997–2009)". American Computer Museum.
  179. Bet you didn't know Jim Russell '53 pioneered compact disc technology. Reed College.
  180. Inventors and Inventions. Marshall Cavendish. September 2007.
  181. "6.1.9 Chemical Laser". Kansas State University.
  182. "DRAM". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  183. "Innovations". Lowepro.
  184. "Calculator History- Invention of the Hand-held Calculator". The Great Idea Finder.
  185. "The History of Racquetball". USA Racquetball.
  186. "A Brief History of Virtual Reality". University of Calgary.
  187. "Virtual Reality: A Short Introduction". www-VRL.
  188. "The Georgia Jumper" (PDF). The University of Georgia.
  189. "Zipper". Amusement Ride Extravaganza.
  190. Saslow, Linda (July 18, 1999). "..The Man Whose Stuff Is Still on the Moon". The NEw York Times.
  191. "Father of the Lunar Module Thomas Kelly Dies". Space.com.
  192. "Gary Starkweather – Laser Printer Inventor". United Business Media LLC.
  193. "Medicine and Materials" (PDF). UK Dept. for Business, Enterprise & Regulatory Reform.
  194. "Father knows best". Boeing Commercial Airplanes.
  195. "History of TASER Devices". TASER International, Inc.
  196. "Willard Boyle and George Smith". Rochester Institute of Technology.
  197. "Jack Kelley". Herman Miller.
  198. "Stick Method". Stick Enterprises, Inc.
  199. Encyclopedia of New Media: An Essential Reference to Communication and Technology. The Moshovitis Group. 2003. ISBN 978-0-7619-2382-4.
  200. "IEEE History Center: Norman Abramson". IEEE.
  201. The Encyclopedia of Surfing. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  202. Timeless toys: classic toys and the playmakers who created them. Andrews McMeel Publishing.
  203. 1 2 "Timeline of Computer History". Computer History Museum.
  204. Transforming Global Information and Communication Markets: The Political Economy of Innovation. MIT Press. p. 270.
  205. "The Fuzzball". David L. Mills.
  206. "Supercritical Airfoil". Century of Flight.
  207. "25th Anniversary for Microprocessor". Toronto Star.
  208. "1971: IBM fashions the floppy". CNN. June 17, 1999. สืบค้นเมื่อ May 25, 2010.
  209. Hevesi, Dennis (July 1, 2011). "George Ballas, Inventor of the Weed Whacker, Dies at 85". The New York Times.
  210. Bebop to the boolean boogie: an unconventional guide to electronics. Newnes.
  211. "A Conversation With The Inventor Of Email". Jupitermedia Corporation.
  212. "C – the Programming Language". BBC h2g2.
  213. "Magnavox Odyssey First home video game console". David Winter.
  214. "GPS" (PDF). ACSM Congress.
  215. Fundamentals of global positioning system receivers: a software approach. John Wiley and Sons.
  216. "Edward J. Hoffman, UCLA Professor and Co-Inventor of the PET Scanner, Dies at 62". UCLA.
  217. "Apparatus And Method For Detectin Cancer In Tissue". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  218. "First MRI and ultrasound scanning". Benjamin S. Beck.
  219. "The "Indomitable" MRI". Smithsonian Institution.
  220. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2003". Nobel Media AB.
  221. "The History, Development and Impact of Computed Imaging in Neurological Diagnosis and Neurosurgery: CT, MRI, and DTI". Internet Scientific Publications, LLC.
  222. "PERSONAL WATERCRAFT". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  223. "E-paper History: An Interview with Nick Sheridon, Father of E-paper". The Future of Things.
  224. "Stan Cohen and Herb Boyer "invented" recombinant DNA technology". DNA Learning Center.
  225. Gray, Sadie (November 21, 2008). "Carl Keith: Research chemist who co-invented the catalytic converter". London: The Times. สืบค้นเมื่อ March 26, 2010.
  226. "Tech Talk: Where'd it Come From, Anyway?". PC World.
  227. "Inventor of cell phone: We knew someday everybody would have one". CNN.
  228. "Human Factors Challenges In Creating a Principal Support Office System The Speech Filing System Approach" (PDF). IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center.
  229. "Heimlich Institute". Heimlich Institute.
  230. "Fascinating facts about the invention of Post-it Notes by Arthur Fry and Spencer Silver in 1974". The Great Idea Finder.
  231. Johnston RN, Atalar A, Heiserman J, Jipson V, Quate CF (July 1979). "Acoustic microscopy: resolution of subcellular detail". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 76 (7): 3325–9. Bibcode:1979PNAS...76.3325J. doi:10.1073/pnas.76.7.3325. PMC 383818. PMID 291006.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  232. "1999 IEEE Jack A. Morton Award". IEEE.
  233. "June 26, 1974: By Gum! There's a New Way to Buy Gum". CondéNet, Inc. June 26, 2008.
  234. The Visual Dictionary of Photography. AVA Publishing.
  235. "Steven Sasson named to CE Hall of Fame". Let's Go Digital.
  236. "Ethernet". University of Aberdeen.
  237. "Arthur Ehrat Papers". Smithsonian Institution.
  238. "GORE-TEX". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  239. "Flying Higher and Quieter". Progressive Engineer.
  240. "Industrialization of the chemical oxygen-iodine laser". Harvard University.
  241. "Knock-down sofa bed with hinged mattress". Google PAtents Search.
  242. "Packaged food item and method for achieving microwave browning thereof". Google Patents Search.
  243. "Smart Computing Encyclopedia". Sandhills Publishing Company.
  244. "Winglets". NASA.
  245. "Polar Fleece". Stitch n Save.
  246. "Control-Alt-Delete". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  247. "Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence for Single Molecule Studies" (PDF). University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
  248. "The Space Shuttle's First Flight: STS-1". NASA.
  249. "Splat attack". BBC.
  250. "A History of the GUI". Condé Nast Digital, Inc.
  251. "Paul Baran Invents Packet Switching". Living Internet.
  252. "UCLA's Leonard Kleinrock to receive National Medal of Science". University of California.
  253. "ARPANET". Timeline of Innovations. SRI International. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-07-01.
  254. "Computing History, 1981–1985: The Internet" (PDF). Computing Networking Services.
  255. "A Brief History of the Internet". University System of Georgia.
  256. "Digital Cash" (PDF). University of Birmingham.
  257. "Lasers Gove New Life to Old LP's". Reed Business Information. 1988-02-18. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  258. "Milestones". InfoComm International.
  259. Pressure Sensitive User Interface WithAffective Measurement (PDF). New York University.
  260. "Kary Mullis – biography". KaryMullis.com. Archived from the original on January 19, 2008.
  261. Methods in Modern Biophysics. Springer.
  262. "Coarse approach positioning device". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
  263. "Introduction to StereoLithography Apparatus (SLA)". Rapid Product Development Resource Centre.
  264. "Digital micromirror device – DMD". National Inventors Hall of Fame.
  265. "Beginner's Introduction to Perl(part 1)". Perl.com.
  266. Horovitz, Bruce (February 19, 2003). "Success stunned pilot inventor". USA Today.
  267. Horovitz, Bruce (February 18, 2003). "Taking the 'lug' out of luggage changed everything". USA Today.
  268. "Highlights of Fused Deposition Modeling". Engineering Fundamentals.
  269. "History of Tcl". John Ousterhout.
  270. "Ballistic-electron-emission microscopy: A nanometer-scale probe of interfaces and carrier transport". University of Pennsylvania.
  271. "EBIT – The Electron Beam Ion Trap". Livermore Berkeley National Laboratory.
  272. Weber, Bruce (May 13, 2008). "Murray Jarvik, 84, Whose Research Helped Lead to Nicotine Patch, Dies". New York Times. สืบค้นเมื่อ May 25, 2010.
  273. "One Size Does Not Fit All: Tailoring Protection with Data Proximate Security". Techworld.
  274. "SPI Resin Identification Code – Guide to Correct Use". Society of the Plastics Industry.
  275. "Philip K. Katz". Biographies Pioneers of computing A-J.
  276. "US Patent 5053090 – Selective laser sintering with assisted powder handling". Patent Storm.
  277. "Electromagnetic door lock device". Patent Universe (Beta).
  278. "20th Century Inventors: Sulfur Lamp". Smithsonian Institution.
  279. "James McLurkin". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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